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Questions tagged [scikit-learn]

scikit-learn is a popular machine learning package for Python that has simple and efficient tools for predictive data analysis. Topics include classification, regression, clustering, dimensionality reduction, model selection, and preprocessing.

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10 answers
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What's the difference between fit and fit_transform in scikit-learn models?

I do not understand the difference between the fit and fit_transform methods in scikit-learn. Can anybody explain simply why we ...
Kaggle's user avatar
  • 2,877
187 votes
16 answers
366k views

Train/Test/Validation Set Splitting in Sklearn

How could I randomly split a data matrix and the corresponding label vector into a X_train, X_test, ...
Hendrik's user avatar
  • 8,297
171 votes
4 answers
119k views

When to use One Hot Encoding vs LabelEncoder vs DictVectorizor?

I have been building models with categorical data for a while now and when in this situation I basically default to using scikit-learn's LabelEncoder function to transform this data prior to building ...
anthr's user avatar
  • 1,833
114 votes
12 answers
142k views

SVM using scikit learn runs endlessly and never completes execution

I am trying to run SVR using scikit-learn (python) on a training dataset that has 595605 rows and 5 columns (features) while the test dataset has 397070 rows. The data has been pre-processed and ...
tejaskhot's user avatar
  • 3,925
94 votes
11 answers
423k views

ValueError: Input contains NaN, infinity or a value too large for dtype('float32')

I got ValueError when predicting test data using a RandomForest model. My code: ...
Edamame's user avatar
  • 2,685
85 votes
6 answers
143k views

strings as features in decision tree/random forest

I am doing some problems on an application of decision tree/random forest. I am trying to fit a problem which has numbers as well as strings (such as country name) as features. Now the library, scikit-...
user3001408's user avatar
59 votes
8 answers
121k views

Does scikit-learn have a forward selection/stepwise regression algorithm?

I am working on a problem with too many features and training my models takes way too long. I implemented a forward selection algorithm to choose features. However, I was wondering does scikit-learn ...
Maksud's user avatar
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56 votes
4 answers
43k views

Difference between OrdinalEncoder and LabelEncoder

I was going through the official documentation of scikit-learn learn after going through a book on ML and came across the following thing: In the Documentation it is given about ...
Saurabh Singh's user avatar
53 votes
2 answers
449k views

train_test_split() error: Found input variables with inconsistent numbers of samples

Fairly new to Python but building out my first RF model based on some classification data. I've converted all of the labels into int64 numerical data and loaded into X and Y as a numpy array, but I am ...
josh_gray's user avatar
  • 633
50 votes
3 answers
154k views

Understanding predict_proba from MultiOutputClassifier

I'm following this example on the scikit-learn website to perform a multioutput classification with a Random Forest model. ...
Harpal's user avatar
  • 903
48 votes
3 answers
62k views

StandardScaler before or after splitting data - which is better?

When I was reading about using StandardScaler, most of the recommendations were saying that you should use StandardScaler before ...
tsumaranaina's user avatar
46 votes
5 answers
45k views

How to force weights to be non-negative in Linear regression

I am using a standard linear regression using scikit-learn in python. However, I would like to force the weights to be all non-negative for every feature. is there any way I can accomplish that? I was ...
user's user avatar
  • 1,981
45 votes
6 answers
99k views

Calculating KL Divergence in Python

I am rather new to this and can't say I have a complete understanding of the theoretical concepts behind this. I am trying to calculate the KL Divergence between several lists of points in Python. I ...
Nanda's user avatar
  • 753
36 votes
6 answers
84k views

Sentence similarity prediction

I'm looking to solve the following problem: I have a set of sentences as my dataset, and I want to be able to type a new sentence, and find the sentence that the new one is the most similar to in the ...
lte__'s user avatar
  • 1,308
36 votes
1 answer
27k views

Why is xgboost so much faster than sklearn GradientBoostingClassifier?

I'm trying to train a gradient boosting model over 50k examples with 100 numeric features. XGBClassifier handles 500 trees within 43 seconds on my machine, while <...
ihadanny's user avatar
  • 1,347
31 votes
3 answers
127k views

How can I check the correlation between features and target variable?

I am trying to build a Regression model and I am looking for a way to check whether there's any correlation between features and target variables? This is my ...
user_6396's user avatar
  • 911
30 votes
6 answers
22k views

What is the reason behind taking log transformation of few continuous variables?

I have been doing a classification problem and I have read many people's code and tutorials. One thing I've noticed is that many people take np.log or ...
Sai Kumar's user avatar
  • 601
30 votes
3 answers
125k views

How to get p-value and confident interval in LogisticRegression with sklearn?

I am building a multinomial logistic regression with sklearn (LogisticRegression). But after it finishes, how can I get a p-value and confident interval of my model? It only appears that sklearn only ...
hminle's user avatar
  • 401
29 votes
2 answers
49k views

How to calculate the fold number (k-fold) in cross validation?

I am confused about how I choose the number of folds (in k-fold CV) when I apply cross validation to check the model. Is it dependent on data size or other parameters?
Taimur Islam's user avatar
28 votes
5 answers
20k views

Improve the speed of t-sne implementation in python for huge data

I would like to do dimensionality reduction on nearly 1 million vectors each with 200 dimensions(doc2vec). I am using TSNE ...
chmodsss's user avatar
  • 1,954
28 votes
4 answers
46k views

Scikit-learn: Getting SGDClassifier to predict as well as a Logistic Regression

A way to train a Logistic Regression is by using stochastic gradient descent, which scikit-learn offers an interface to. What I would like to do is take a scikit-learn's SGDClassifier and have it ...
hlin117's user avatar
  • 665
27 votes
3 answers
37k views

How to deal with string labels in multi-class classification with keras?

I am newbie on machine learning and keras and now working a multi-class image classification problem using keras. The input is tagged image. After some pre-processing, the training data is represented ...
Dracarys's user avatar
  • 393
26 votes
1 answer
29k views

RandomForestClassifier OOB scoring method

Does the random forest implementation in scikit-learn use mean accuracy as its scoring method to estimate generalization error with out-of-bag samples? This is not mentioned in the documentation, but ...
darXider's user avatar
  • 603
26 votes
2 answers
22k views

What is the difference between cross_validate and cross_val_score?

I understand cross_validate and how it works, but now I am confused about what cross_val_score actually does. Can anyone give ...
Taimur Islam's user avatar
25 votes
2 answers
48k views

Can you explain the difference between SVC and LinearSVC in scikit-learn?

I've recently started learning to work with sklearn and have just come across this peculiar result. I used the digits dataset ...
metjush's user avatar
  • 526
22 votes
1 answer
24k views

What's the difference between Sklearn F1 score 'micro' and 'weighted' for a multi class classification problem?

I have a multi-class classification problem with class imbalance. I searched for the best metric to evaluate my model. Scikit-learn has multiple ways of calculating the F1 score. I would like to ...
Fractale's user avatar
  • 345
22 votes
3 answers
43k views

When to use Standard Scaler and when Normalizer?

I understand what Standard Scalar does and what Normalizer does, per the scikit documentation: Normalizer, Standard Scaler. I know when Standard Scaler is applied. But in which scenario is Normalizer ...
Heisenbug's user avatar
  • 401
21 votes
3 answers
42k views

Pandas Dataframe to DMatrix

I am trying to run xgboost in scikit learn. And I am only using Pandas to load the data into a dataframe. How am I supposed to use pandas df with xgboost? I am confused by the DMatrix routine ...
Ghostintheshell's user avatar
21 votes
2 answers
89k views

How to adjust the hyperparameters of MLP classifier to get more perfect performance

I am just getting touch with Multi-layer Perceptron. And, I got this accuracy when classifying the DEAP data with MLP. However, I have no idea how to adjust the hyperparameters for improving the ...
Irving.ren's user avatar
21 votes
5 answers
74k views

How to perform one hot encoding on multiple categorical columns

I am trying to perform one-hot encoding on some categorical columns. From the tutorial I am following, I am supposed to do LabelEncoding before One hot encoding. I have successfully performed the ...
radioactive's user avatar
20 votes
3 answers
42k views

What is the difference between CountVectorizer token counts and TfidfTransformer with use_idf set to False?

We can use CountVectorizer to count the number of times a word occurs in a corpus: ...
Cybernetic's user avatar
20 votes
4 answers
24k views

What is the difference between a hashing vectorizer and a tfidf vectorizer

I'm converting a corpus of text documents into word vectors for each document. I've tried this using a TfidfVectorizer and a HashingVectorizer I understand that a ...
Minu's user avatar
  • 795
19 votes
4 answers
21k views

Incremental Learning with sklearn: warm_start, partial_fit(), fit()

I have built an ML model with the goal of making predictions for targets of the following week. In general, new data will come in and be processed at the end of each week and be in the same data ...
Adam's user avatar
  • 786
19 votes
2 answers
85k views

How does SelectKBest work?

I am looking at this tutorial: https://www.dataquest.io/mission/75/improving-your-submission At section 8, finding the best features, it shows the following code. ...
user's user avatar
  • 1,981
19 votes
1 answer
35k views

scikit-learn n_jobs parameter on CPU usage & memory

In most estimators on scikit-learn, there is an n_jobs parameter in fit/predict methods for ...
user avatar
18 votes
5 answers
7k views

Merging sparse and dense data in machine learning to improve the performance

I have sparse features which are predictive, also I have some dense features which are also predictive. I need to combine these features together to improve the overall performance of the classifier. ...
Sagar Waghmode's user avatar
17 votes
1 answer
12k views

Algorithms for text clustering

I have a problem of clustering huge amount of sentences into groups by their meanings. This is similar to a problem when you have lots of sentences and want to group them by their meanings. What ...
Maxim Galushka's user avatar
16 votes
2 answers
1k views

Where in the workflow should we deal with missing data?

I'm building a workflow for creating machine learning models (in my case, using Python's pandas and sklearn packages) from data ...
Therriault's user avatar
16 votes
1 answer
3k views

How to use Scikit-Learn Label Propagation on graph structured data?

As part of my research, I am interested in performing label propagation on a graph. I am especially interested in those two methods: Xiaojin Zhu and Zoubin Ghahramani. Learning from labeled and ...
Thibaud Martinez's user avatar
15 votes
2 answers
21k views

Does scikit-learn use regularization by default?

I just fitted a logistic curve to some fake data. I made the data essentially a step function. data = -------------++++++++++++++ But when I look at the fitted ...
sebastianspiegel's user avatar
15 votes
4 answers
48k views

How to use SimpleImputer Class to replace missing values with mean values using Python?

This is my code ...
Rupali Singh's user avatar
15 votes
3 answers
6k views

Predict the best time of call

I have a dataset including a set of customers in different cities of California, time of calling for each customer, and the status of call (True if customer answers the call and False if customer does ...
Hamid Mahdavian's user avatar
14 votes
3 answers
82k views

How can I fit categorical data types for random forest classification?

I need to find the accuracy of a training dataset by applying Random Forest Algorithm. But my the type of my data set are both categorical and numeric. When I tried to fit those data, I get an error. ...
IS2057's user avatar
  • 295
14 votes
3 answers
23k views

Using TF-IDF with other features in scikit-learn

What is the best/correct way to combine text analysis with other features? For example, I have a dataset with some text but also other features/categories. scikit-learn's TF-IDF vectorizer transforms ...
lte__'s user avatar
  • 1,308
14 votes
2 answers
4k views

Efficient dimensionality reduction for large dataset

I have a dataset with ~1M rows and ~500K sparse features. I want to reduce the dimensionality to somewhere in the order of 1K-5K dense features. ...
timleathart's user avatar
  • 3,880
14 votes
2 answers
8k views

How to train model to predict events 30 minutes prior, from multi-dimensionnal timeseries

Experts in my field are capable of predicting the likelyhood an event (binary spike in yellow) 30 minutes before it occurs. Frequency here is 1 sec, this view represents a few hours worth of data, i ...
William D's user avatar
  • 143
13 votes
1 answer
56k views

How to do stepwise regression using sklearn? [duplicate]

I could not find a way to stepwise regression in scikit learn. I have checked all other posts on Stack Exchange on this topic. Answers to all of them suggests using f_regression. But f_regression ...
nlahri's user avatar
  • 131
13 votes
1 answer
19k views

How max_features parameter works in DecisionTreeClassifier?

What is the parameter max_features in DecisionTreeClassifier responsible for? I thought it defines the number of features the ...
James Flash's user avatar
13 votes
1 answer
17k views

Feature selection using feature importances in random forests with scikit-learn

I have plotted the feature importances in random forests with scikit-learn. In order to improve the prediction using random forests, how can I use the plot information to remove features? I.e. how to ...
Franck Dernoncourt's user avatar
13 votes
1 answer
5k views

Irregular Precision-Recall Curve

I'd expect that for a precision-recall curve, precision decreases while recall increases monotonically. I have a plot that is not smooth and looks funny. I used scikit learn the values for plotting ...
Anderlecht's user avatar

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