Questions tagged [self-study]
The self-study tag has no usage guidance.
54
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How to interpret k=1 when summing over k? Is there something wrong with this equation?
I am having a hard time understanding the following equation to do with document clustering.
Is there something wrong with it?
$$\ln \left(\prod_{n=1}^N \sum_{k=1}^K p\left(x_n \mid z_n, k=1\right) p\...
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Understanding differentiation via chain rule in M-Step K-Means clustering
The following slide is from Erik Bekkers's excellent courselesson 9.2
How is it that we can re-write the following?
$||x_n-\mu_k||^2$ as $(X_n-\mu_k)^T(X_n-\mu_K)$
Also I understand how we get the -2 ...
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1
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68
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How to read colon in python?
My course has the following statement.
a = np.array([[3, 2, 5], [1, 4, 6]])
We select all columns of a matrix where the entry on row 1 is greater
than the entry ...
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1
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217
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Generate similar text based on category or the similar texts
I'm trying to generate the similar text based on the category or to generate text by combining similar texts into the new text. I was checking multiple nlp tasks like question generation, but they don'...
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1
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What does the order of the lm summary coefficients signify?
I have
fit.all <-lm(Sepal.Length ~ .,iris)
summary(fit.all)->fit.all.summary
print(fit.all.summary$coefficients)
What are the coefficients ordered by?
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1
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37
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Recommendations for Master courses in Data Science in Europe
I am hoping somebody can help a (hopefully) future data scientist: I am looking for a Master course in data science at a school in Europe.
I have a Bachelor in Media Management (PR & Communication)...
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6
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152
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Machine Learning resources
I'm not sure if this is the right place to ask this question, but is there any online source that provides a complete in-depth explanation of Machine Learning algorithms, all at one place, but not too ...
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global contrast normalization implementation
I'm trying to understand figure 12.1 in Goodfellow available here. I'm not able to reproduce figure 12.1, and I'm wondering what is it I'm missing. The denominator of equation 12.3 is a constant, and ...
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1
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Resources on on-line machine learning
I am wondering if there are any books/articles/tutorials about "on-line machine learning"?
For example, this website has nice lecture notes (from lec16) on some of the aspects:
https://web....
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Where can I find study materials? [closed]
Can anyone recommend me some material (books, blogs, youtube channels, ...) to study statistics, Machine Learning and in general Data Science topics?
Thanks
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Studying and choosing between different neural network structures
I would like to develop a model that uses convolutional neural networks for image classification. From the many different network structures described in papers and articles online, I would like to ...
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3
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337
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Feeling Stuck on a Beginner – Intermediate level [closed]
Over the past two years, I have been working as a full-time data scientist for a government company. As the sole data science team in the organization, our job is a hybrid between data science and ...
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1
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2k
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How to make a linear model with a constant value in R?
I'm working on an unassessed homework problem from unpublished course notes of a statistics module from a second year university mathematics course.
I'm trying to plot a 2-parameter full linear model ...
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1
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468
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Resampling : My dataset is categorical or numerical?
I have a dataset with 203 variables. Like age>40 (0 -yes, 1-no), gender(0 or 1), used or not 200 types of drugs (one hot encoded into 200 variables), and one target variable (0 or 1). This is an ...
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Logic behind the Statement on Non-Parametric models
I am currently reading 'Mastering Machine Learning with scikit-learn', 2E, by Packt. In Lazy Learning and Non-Parametric models topic in Chapter 3- Classification and Regression with k-Nearest ...
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1
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100
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Oracle in optimization
I have encountered the word oracle in the following context:
Given an $\alpha$-approximate oracle for stochastic optimization we
show how to implement an $\alpha$-approximate solution for robust
...
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201
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Understanding SVM Kernels
Following Andrew Ng's machine learning course, he explains SVM kernels by manually selecting 3 landmarks and defining 3 gaussian function based on them. Then he says that we are actually defining 3 ...
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How do I test a difference between two proportions representing fatality rate for Covid 19 in Philippines and World (except Philippines)?
I'm trying to analyse if the fatality rate from my country (A third world country) vary significantly from the world's fatality rate.
So I'd basically have two samples, labeled (Philippines) and (...
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1
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206
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Fastest way to relearn machine/deep learning
I hope I came to the right place to ask this question.
Back when I was at collage I studied machine and deep learning in-depth. My whole programme was based on those areas. I knew all underlying ...
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26
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Four parameter self-starting function based on SSfpl
I am currently working with a self-starting function for four parameters which I based on SSfpl but with a different formula.
This is the formula for my self-starting function:
...
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96
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Analysis for basic weight training analysis?
TL;DR: I'm doing a fairly basic project which involves exercise. It seems that descriptive statistics and basic data vis (ex: line graph) would be most appropriate for this project, but I wonder if ...
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Appraise the statement: “For the model 𝑦 = 𝛽0 + 𝛽1𝑥 + 𝑒, 𝛽1 reflects the causal effect of 𝑥 on 𝑦.” Ask
not sure if this was the right place to ask my question, but I saw some questions regarding linear regression so I'd thought I would try to get some answers here. I just started learning about linear ...
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Confusion regarding the Working mechanism of Activation function
For binary classification irrespective of the model used, the sigmoid function is a good choice for output layer because the actual output value ‘Y’ is either 0 or 1 so it makes sense for predicted ...
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Random Forest Techniques/Models
Can anyone tell about different Techniques/algorithms of Random forest?
I know, Random Forest is itself an algorithm/model, but I'm looking for another version of it as we have in decision trees.
List ...
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Efficient self study plan
I am hoping for a bit of guidance from experienced practitioners / academics.
I want to work through the Bishop ML book, but have minimal background.
What is the fastest way to get the pre-...
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4
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What are some good books on Machine Learning and AI like Krugman, Wells and Graddy's "Essentials of Economics"
I am a Logistics student. I like the book "Essentials of Economics" by Krugman, Wells and Graddy in that it is concise, easygoing and not only a beginners book (it gradually approaches advanced ...
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1
answer
206
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Compute specificity and sensitivity at certain thresholds
I have the following table with predictive probabilities and true class labels:
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
P(T=1) &0.54& 0.23 & 0.78 & 0.88 & 0.26 & 0.41 & 0.90 & ...
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Big data online class [closed]
Being an IT engineer, I am exploring the Big Data specialization and wishing to earn a certificate in that field to help me get a new job later.
I've been looking around and found these two ...
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Is Chi Square goodness parametric or non-parametric? [closed]
Does Chi Square goodness of fit require normality assumption? Is it a parameteric or non-parametric test? What it its relation with t-test (parametric test) and u-test (non-parametric test)?
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Example data source for educaional use
I'm doing project on subject of affinity analysis for my statistical class in college.
In order to complete it, I have to acquire sales database with at least 200-300 records, each containing list ...
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Stacking LSTM layers
Can someone please tell me the difference between those stacked LSTM layers?
First image is given in this question and second image is given in this article. So far what I learned about stacking LSTM ...
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Depth of a Neural network
I was self-teaching myself. I totally understand why depth of a neural network affects the learning and how it differs than its width. But I am looking for some theoretical justification about it. ...
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Conceptual question on CNN and any multi layer neural network (Part 2)
I have read a number of tutorials and online lectures (https://ujjwalkarn.me/2016/08/11/intuitive-explanation-convnets/) but none of them mention the rationale for selecting a particular design. How ...
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Is ensemble learning using different classifier combination another name for Boosting?
For implementation I am following the Matlab code for AdaBoost. Based on my understanding, AdaBoost uses weak classifiers known as base classifiers and creates several instances of it. For example, a ...
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586
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How to make sense of confusion matrix
Consider a binary classification problem with 0 labels denoting normal and 1 abnormal or rare. The number of instances with <...
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1
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recommendations for self-study in ML/Deep Learning/the underlying math
I am a beginner in ML, though I have completed Andrew Ng's Machine Learning course on Coursera and am soon to complete his Deep Learning specialization, also on Coursera. I'm looking for ...
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ElasticSearch for data scientists [closed]
This is to seek career advice for a data scientist. What pertains within the role of data scientist and what does not regarding ElasticSearch.
Does backend development for ElasticSearch using ...
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Situations where advanced theoretical knowledge of ML helped solve a real world problem?
I've invested lot of time trying to understand the theoretical aspects of Deep Learning and Neural Networks - but I'm now questioning whether it is worth it or not, given that I am someone who works ...
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How Natural language processing and elasticsearch are related
I got call from a recruiter for an elasticsearch job. I am not sure how these 2 are related. Can anyone suggest and provide example use case?
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Early stopping and bounds
Say I am training neural networks using a train set and set aside a validation set V. I obtain models h's after each epoch along with the validation losses(0-1 loss) $\hat{L}(h_1,V)$, $\hat{L}(h_2,V)$ ...
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What would you recommend to know before considering applying for a master in Machine Learning?
As someone who is about to finish a bachelor in Software Engineering still learning the basics of machine learning but would like to enroll in a master's course focused on machine learning.
What ...
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1
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Gradient Boosting Tree: "the more variable the better"?
From the tutorial of the XGBoost, I think when each tree grows, all the variables are scanned to be selected to split nodes, and the one with the maximum gain split will be chosen. So my question is ...
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Does ensemble (bagging, boosting, stacking, etc) always at least increase performance?
Ensembling is getting more and more popular. I understand that there are in general three big fields of ensembling, bagging, boosting and stacking.
My question is that does the ensembling always at ...
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Analysis of railway data - Detecting outliers
I would like some pointers about the following problem:
I would like to detect anomalies in a pretty huge collection of railway data. Or create a baseline model for detecting future anomalies. The ...
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What is init_score in lightGBM?
In the tutorial boosting from existing prediction in lightGBM R, there is a init_score parameter in function setinfo. I am ...
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420
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OpenNLP tutorial or book
I am very new to Java and primarily a Python and R user. I want to use OpenNLP for certain NLP tasks that I have been entrusted with. Is there any good tutorial or book on OpenNLP that anyone can ...
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What is the best tutorial to quickly learning machine learning in R [closed]
I want to learn machine learning methods, preferably high-performance methods, by R in the quickest way possible. I am totally familiar with R but very less experience with ML packages. I know some ...
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Topics to cover for software developer interested in data analytics
First of all I don't know if this is the appropriate place to post this question. If it's not, I apologize in advance. It seems like the most relevant Stack Exchange sub.
A little about myself:
I'm ...
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How to understand equations in research papers?
I was searching for latent class logit model for conjoint analysis. i found a paper which has equations for this model.
I have co-workers who knows how to decipher the meaning of these equations and ...
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How to self-learn data science? [closed]
I am a self-taught web developer and am interested in teaching myself data science, but I'm unsure of how to begin. In particular, I'm wondering:
What fields are there within data science? (e.g., ...
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