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Questions tagged [transformer]

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Use for questions related to the Transformer (based on encoder-decoder) architecture in machine learning.

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BERT for non-textual sequence data

I'm working on a deep learning solution for classifying sequence data that isn't raw text but rather entities (which have already been extracted from the text). I am currently using word2vec-style ...
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19 views

Preprocessing for Text Classification in Transformer Models (BERT variants)

This might be silly to ask, but I am wondering if one should carry out the conventional text preprocessing steps for training one of the transformer models? I remember for training a W2V or Glove, ...
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8 views

Input embeddings to Transformers network

I have been learning about Transformer network and most of it clear because of some of the brilliant explanation provided by the experts in the field. Can someone explain about the input word ...
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14 views

What will happen if we replace the transformer of BERT to evolved transformer?

If we replace the official BERT's transformer to evolved transformer, do the change accelerate the inference speed without losing accuracy?
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24 views

When do you use FunctionTransformer instead of .apply()?

I'm watching a PyData talk from 2017 in which the speaker provides this example for how to use FunctionTransformer for sklearn.preprocessing ...
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What's the best way to store BERT training data (input IDs)

The tricky thing about the input IDs is what they're varying in length for each data sample, so regular hdf5 may not be ideal. Since Bert is so popular I am wondering if there's an established way to ...
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15 views

nlp: Translation System: Transformer/GPT2 model: Why do we need to mask future tokens?

I am trying to understand the whole concept of masking the tokens in the transformer/gpt2 model. In this blog post, http://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-gpt2/ the author takes an example where " the ...
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1answer
38 views

What is auxiliary loss in Character-level Transformer model?

I am reading Character-Level Language Modeling with Deeper Self-Attention from Rami Al-Rfou. In the second page, they had mentioned about Auxiliary Losses which can speed-up the model convergence and ...
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1answer
47 views

NMT, What if we do not pass input for decoder?

For transformer-based neural machine translation (NMT), take English-Chinese for example, we pass English for encoder and use decoder input(Chinese) attend to encoder output, then final output. What ...
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10 views

How to understand the difference between query and memory in the attention of transformer?

The code is like this: ...
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15 views

How does Byte Pair Encoding work on the byte sequence?

I am reading a paper on OpenAI GPT-2, and in the paper the authors are mentioning that they have performed Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) on the byte sequence themselves, and I am not sure what they meant ...
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19 views

Does it make sense to use Transformer encoders on top of a pretrained Word2Vec embedding for a classification task?

As the title says. I am dealing with a text classification task, but I do not have the resources to train a BERT word embedding from scratch. I was thinking of using an existing Word2Vec embedding ...
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Transform data into English, then predict an answer using BERT?

I'm looking for research/examples of closed domain QA systems that utilise pre-trained ML models such as BERT, to perform question-answering on structured data (eg: CSV, JSON) that has been ...
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1answer
54 views

Bi-directionality in BERT model

I am reading the paper BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding that can be found here. It looks to me that the crux of the paper is using masked inputs to ...
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10 views

What is Bit Per Character?

What is Bits per Character (bpc) metric which has been used to measure the model accuracy with reference to text8 and ...
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193 views

In a Transformer model, why does one sum positional encoding to the embedding rather than concatenate it?

While reviewing the Transformer architecture, I realized something I didn't expect, which is that : the positional encoding is summed to the word embeddings rather than concatenated to it. ...
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31 views

Why gpt-2 could apply to other tasks without fine-tune?

Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners https://github.com/openai/gpt-2
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1answer
53 views

Transformer for neural machine translation: is it possible to predict each word in the target sentence in a single forward pass?

I want to replicate the Transformer from the paper Attention Is All You Need in PyTorch. My question is about the decoder branch of the Transformer. If I understand correctly, given a sentence in the ...
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62 views

training decoder only transformer for text generation

i have been trying to figure out a way to use the decoder for next word prediction tasks (given a sequence of tokens). For this purpose i modified the existing tutorial to ignore encoder inputs in the ...
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120 views

Pytorch: How to implement nested transformers: a character-level transformer for words and a word-level transformer for sentences?

I have a model in mind, but I'm having a hard time figuring out how to actually code it in Pytorch, especially when it comes to training the model (e.g. how to define mini-batches, etc.). First of all ...
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3answers
74 views

Test dataset with categorical variable value not present in train dataset & transformer

I want to replace values of a categorical variable ( named 'six' ) by the mean of my target variable ( named 'target' ). I am fitting a transformer doing just that on a train dataset df and then ...
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71 views

Pyspark Pipeline Custom Transformer

I'm having some trouble understanding the creation of custom transformers for Pyspark pipelines. I am writing a custom transformer that will take the dataframe column Company and remove stray commas: ...
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1answer
867 views

what is the first input to the decoder in a transformer model?

The image is from url: Jay Alammar on transformers K_encdec and V_encdec are calculated in a matrix multiplication with the encoder outputs and sent to the encoder-decoder attention layer of each ...
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2answers
241 views

What is the use of [SEP] in paper BERT?

I know that [CLS] means the start of a sentence and [SEP] makes BERT know the second sentence has begun. However, I have a question. If I have 2 sentences, which are s1 and s2, and our fine-tuning ...
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15 views

Data sharing between Custom Tranformer and estimator in pyspark

Using Titanic Dataset for classification. Created custom Estimator and transformer for pipeline. some of logical operation need to be done in fit() method and data ...
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2answers
50 views

Problem trying to build my own sklean transformer

I build the following sklearn transformer : ...
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2answers
6k views

What is the positional encoding in the transformer model?

I'm new to ML and this is my first question here, so sorry if my question is silly. I'm trying to read and understand the paper Attention is all you need and in it, there is a picture: I don't know ...
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1answer
249 views

Which is better: GPT or RelGAN for text generation?

Based on my understanding, gpt or gpt-2 are using language model loss to train and generate text, which do not contains GAN. So which is better: GPT vs RelGAN/LeakGAN/SeqGAN/TextGAN I am so ...
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32 views

How to prepare the data for text generation task

First, I'm not sure whether the model contains the encoder during training. EOS means end-of-sentence. Encoder and decoder are part of transformer network. If without-encoder, training time: ...
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1answer
36 views

The principle of LM deep model

Language model(LM) is the task of predicting the next word. Does the deep model need the encoder? From the ptb code of tensor2tensor, I find the deep model do not contains the encoder. Or both with-...
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1answer
665 views

Incrementally Train BERT with minimum QnA records - to get improved results

We are using Google BERT for Question and Answering. We have fine tuned BERT with SQUAD QnA release train data set (https://github.com/google-research/bert , https://rajpurkar.github.io/SQuAD-explorer/...
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384 views

How Transformer is Bidirectional - Machine Learning

Asking question in datascience forum, as this forum seems well suited for data science related questions: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55158554/how-transformer-is-bidirectional-machine-learning/...
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1answer
2k views

Can BERT do the next-word-predict task?

As BERT is bidirectional (uses bi-directional transformer), is it possible to use it for the next-word-predict task? If yes, what needs to be tweaked?
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1answer
223 views

What is the reason for the speedup of transformer-xl?

The inference speed of transformer-xl is faster than transformer. Why? If state reuse is the reason, so it is compared by two 32seq_len + state-reuse vs one 64seq_len + no-state-reuse?