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Questions tagged [language-model]

Language models are used extensively in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and are probability distributions over a sequence of words or terms.

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49 votes
7 answers
58k views

What is the difference between model hyperparameters and model parameters?

I have noticed that such terms as model hyperparameter and model parameter have been used interchangeably on the web without prior clarification. I think this is incorrect and needs explanation. ...
tastyminerals's user avatar
17 votes
7 answers
23k views

ChatGPT's Architecture - Decoder Only? Or Encoder-Decoder?

Does ChatGPT use an encoder-decoder architecture, or a decoder-only architecture? I have been coming across Medium and TowardsDataScience articles suggesting that it has an encoder-decoder ...
user141493's user avatar
73 votes
4 answers
109k views

What is purpose of the [CLS] token and why is its encoding output important?

I am reading this article on how to use BERT by Jay Alammar and I understand things up until: For sentence classification, we’re only only interested in BERT’s output for the [CLS] token, so we ...
user3768495's user avatar
18 votes
2 answers
34k views

Word2Vec embeddings with TF-IDF

When you train the word2vec model (using for instance, gensim) you supply a list of words/sentences. But there does not seem to be a way to specify weights for the words calculated for instance using ...
SFD's user avatar
  • 301
16 votes
6 answers
8k views

Are there any good out-of-the-box language models for python?

I'm prototyping an application and I need a language model to compute perplexity on some generated sentences. Is there any trained language model in python I can readily use? Something simple like <...
Fred's user avatar
  • 403
10 votes
5 answers
19k views

How to create a good list of stopwords

I am looking for some hints on how to curate a list of stopwords. Does someone know / can someone recommend a good method to extract stopword lists from the dataset itself for preprocessing and ...
PlagTag's user avatar
  • 333
3 votes
1 answer
2k views

Fine-tuning a pre-trained LLM for question-answering

Objective My goal is to fine-tune a pre-trained LLM on a dataset about Manchester United's (MU's) 2021/22 season (they had a poor season). I want to be able to prompt the fine-tuned model with ...
Tom Bomer's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
171 views

Some answers given by ChatGPT are just beyond ridiculous, what could be the reasons?

Some answers given by ChatGPT are just beyond ridiculous, especially in Chinese (I am Chinese so I ask ChatGPT in both Chinese and English). Here is an example, The last answer ...
Qiulang's user avatar
  • 133